Octane 

Thiamine 100 mg

Reduces lactic acid:

• https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/cc10495
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1813718
• https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00047949.htm
• http://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/12/suppl_1/S15.full

Thiamine reduces exercise fatigue and rise in blood sugar (indicating better carb usage):

• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02080935

Thiamine is important for reducing lactic acid levels: 

• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/026156149390060H
• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0736467903003767
• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025619611638627

Thiamine supplementation decreases lactate, ammonia, and fatigue:

• https://www.e-sciencecentral.org/articles/?scid=SC000005065

Thiamine helps with glucose utilization:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1883979
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16550223/
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25770253

Niacinamide 500 mg

Niacin / Niacinamide is necessary for neural function:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4192966/

Niacin decreases FFA use and increases GH: 

• http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-meetings.2016.PE.3.OR31-3

Niacinamide decreases cortisol:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22691057

Biotin 300 mcg

Biotin supplementation decreases ammonia levels:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7647902
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2810855

Biotin supplementation improve insulin sensitivity and glucose control:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8820510
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17109595
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17506119
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3679599/

Sodium 100 mg / Potassium 100 mg

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1895359

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1925187

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22692532

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8504845

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9232555

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1939535

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21036373

AstraGin (Ginseng) 50 mg

https://www.myokem.com/blog/increase-nutrient-absorption-astragin/

L-Theanine 100 mg

Theanine restores immune function after exercise:

• http://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/2010/03000/Cystine_and_Theanine_Supplementation_Restores.34.aspx

Cysteine/Theanine reduces immunes system alterations from exercise (reduces increase in neutrophils and decrease in lymphocyte count; reduces drop in glutathione levels):

• https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1550-2783-7-23
• https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bbb/73/4/73_80663/_article
• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/2193-1801-2-635

Theanine decreases and delays exercise fatigue through increased dopamine and decreases serotonin:

• http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-YYXX200504019.htm
• http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZSFX201112085.htm

Improves mental regeneration after exercise: 

• https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1550-2783-5-S1-P3

Along with caffeine, theanine helps suppress body fat accumulation:

• http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/18/1/55.short
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/oby.2005.142/full

Theanine helps calm the excitatory effects of caffeine: 

• http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1271/bbb.64.287

Theanine and caffeine combo increases cognition and brain function: 

• http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/147683008X301513
• http://jn.nutrition.org/content/138/8/1572S.short
• http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/147683010X12611460764840

Caffeine 150 mg

Along with caffeine, theanine helps suppress body fat accumulation: 

• http://iv.iiarjournals.org/content/18/1/55.short
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/oby.2005.142/full

Theanine and caffeine combo increases cognition and brain function: 

• http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/147683008X301513
• http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/147683010X12611460764840

Caffeine improves exercise performance and neural function: 

• http://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/350223
• http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/723503
• http://journals.humankinetics.com/doi/abs/10.1123/ijsnem.14.6.626
• http://jap.physiology.org/content/81/4/1658.short
• http://journals.humankinetics.com/doi/abs/10.1123/ijsn.5.1.37
• http://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/2008/11000/Effects_of_Caffeine_and_Aspirin_on_Light.32.aspx
• http://journals.humankinetics.com/doi/abs/10.1123/ijspp.2.3.250
• http://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/abstract/2006/08000/the_acute_effects_of_a_caffeine_containing.8.aspx

Caffeine improves exercise performance, but not through increased catecholamines:

• http://jap.physiology.org/content/78/3/867.short
• http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/h94-010#.WVEjYRPysfE
• http://ajpendo.physiology.org/content/262/6/E891.short

Caffeine helps, probably by improving cellular ionic balance: 

• https://link.springer.com/article/10.2165/00007256-200131110-00002

Caffeine reduces RPE:

• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00445.x/full
  

May increase testosterone

• http://journals.humankinetics.com/doi/abs/10.1123/ijsnem.18.2.131

May increase fat loss:

• http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/7132651
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20421833
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22349085
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22496767
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16540848
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18799995
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22388491
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22569090

L-Tyrosine 600 mg

Improves performance and fatigue resistance to heat by increasing dopamine: 

• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00421-011-1921-4
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10230711
• https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Elliot_Berry/publication/11616942_Tyrosine_improves_appetite_cognition_and_exercise_tolerance_in_activity_anorexia/links/5524fab00cf22e181e73b611.pdf
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2736402
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7794222

L-Citrulline 6000 mg

Improves exercise performance and lowers fatigue, involves ammonia buffering: 

• https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv/57/3/57_3_246/_article
• http://jap.physiology.org/content/119/4/385
• http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/19390211.2015.1008615
• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-015-1124-6
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbf.1000/full
• http://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Abstract/2015/03000/Effects_of_Supplemental_Citrulline_Malate.29.aspx
• http://scholarworks.uark.edu/hhpruht/25/
  
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12145119
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20386132
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16679980
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20499249
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21067832
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17953788

Sleep

Magnesium 200 mg

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12163983

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21199787

https://academic.oup.com/sleep/article/21/5/501/2725976/Magnesium-Therapy-for-Periodic-Leg-Movements

Rutaercarpine 100 mg 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21468923

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16041650

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15720787

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15326550

Ashwagandha 300 mg

The name ”som- nifera” in Latin means "sleep-inducer"

Suppresses effects of sleep loss

• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-016-9883-5

Contains active components that induce sleep

• http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0172508

Sleep benefits

• http://www.ijpsonline.com/abstract/effect-of-herbals-on-sleep-and-their-interactions-with-hypnotic-drugs-508.html

Stress

• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305703001102
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23439798
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19789214

L-Theanine 300 mg

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305712000123  

http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/10762800151125092

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1271/bbb.64.287

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305713002207

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07315724.2014.926153

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/els/contentscinii_20170627222854.pdf?id=ART0002803761

Lemon Balm Extract 400 mg

Lemon balm reduces restlessness; reduces stress/anxiety

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16487692
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15272110
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3230760/ 

Improved mood and cognitive performance 

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12888775
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12062586
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22207903
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15546807

Glycine 2000 mg

Improves sleep

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3328957/ -

Improves daytime cognition when sleep deprived

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529837
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1479-8425.2006.00193.x/full
• http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1479-8425.2007.00262.x/abstract